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Book 1

• Chapter 1
• Chapter 2
• Chapter 3
• Chapter 4
• Chapter 5
• Chapter 6
• Chapter 7
• Chapter 8
• Chapter 9
• Chapter 10
• Chapter 11
• Chapter 12
• Chapter 13
• Chapter 14
• Chapter 15
• Chapter 16/17
• Chapter 18/19
• Chapter 20
• Chapter 21
• Chapter 22/23

Book 2

• Chapter 1
• Chapter 2
• Chapter 3
• Chapter 4
• Chapter 5
• Chapter 6
• Chapter 7
• Chapter 9
• Chapter 10

Ch.4 Navigation Concepts

Navigation is moving from one point to another in an understood and controlled manner with purpose.

• Primary navigation consists of the navigation elements that are accesible from most locations within the site.
• Secondary navigation elements allow users to navigate within a specific location.

Positional awareness includes understanding any parent, peer or child pages relative to the current location. Techniques to provide positional awareness includes:

• Headings
• Colors (different color for different content)
• Images (for example tabs)
• Bread crumbs
• Site map

Three click rule: users should not need to click more than three times during their navigation to find the information they seek.

URLs can be used to determine location and depth. This technique works fine if the directories were given meaningful names.

File names can be as helpful as directory names. If the name of the HTML file confirms which page the user is viewing, it helps in the process of navigation and awareness. For example:

http:www.2tp.no/webdesign/CIW/chapter4.htm

Familiar conventions build on the concept that many common elements used throughout the internet have become familiar to users and therefor have predefined meanings. For example: when a user sees a link or a button labeled «Home page» he/she knows exactly where that link will take him/her. Other familiar concepts inlcude: FAQ, News, Site Map, About Us and Help.

Guided navigation is a popular technique for helping users through a convoluted process to guide them. Provide a link to the next step, and continue the process by establishing links that keep users on track. For example: the process of online purchasing. You are guided through each step of the buying process.

Do NOT change the default color of text links. Blue means unvisted link, purple means visited.

Navigation action plan:

• Determine goals and needs
  Understand your audience's goal and needs, interview potential users.
• Learn from navigation that works
  Good navigation includes:
  • Offers easy-to-learn elements
  • Remains consistent
  • Provides feedback
  • Appears in contect
  • Offers alternatives
  • Provides clear visual messages
  • Offers clear and understandable labels
  • Remains appropriate to the site's purpose
  • Support user goals and behaviors.
• Go deeper than the home page
  The deeper you can plan your site's structure and navigation, the more successful your site's navigation will be.
• Provide quick links
  The goal of shortcuts is to help users find information easily and rapidly. Shortcuts by nature should be stremalined, brief, fast and clear.
• Expect that users have different backgrounds
  Some people like to search, while others like to browse.

Chapter 3 Chapter 5